A Field Guide to Quantum Geopolitics
National quantum programs reach most organisations as export licences, standards choices and supply chain constraints. Here is how to read them without the headline…
Quantum Computing in Healthcare: A Field Guide for Health System Executives
Three quantum clocks run at different speeds in healthcare. Only one has a deadline attached. A field guide to sorting the budget item from…
Quantum in Telecom, Sorted by Who Owns the Decision
Three different technologies get called quantum in telecom. One has regulatory deadlines, one needs a business case, one is still research. Here is how…
How Hybrid Cryptography Works, Byte by Byte
Hybrid key exchange and dual signatures, explained from the combiner outward: what goes into the KDF, what the extra kilobytes cost, and how to…
Quantum Key Distribution, Read as a Security Control
Three national agencies advise against QKD for their own networks. Twenty-seven EU states are funding one. Both positions hold, and the reason explains how…
NISQ, FTQC, FASQ: How to Read the Three Eras of Quantum Computing
One vendor announces 1,121 qubits. Another announces 48 logical qubits on 280 atoms. Three acronyms explain why those numbers cannot be compared, and what…
Attacking Quantum Systems: The Gap Between the Proof and the Box
Every successful attack on a quantum system so far has left the physics intact and gone after the equipment. Here is the pattern, and…
How to Read a Quantum Benchmark
Vendor benchmark numbers are usually accurate and rarely comparable. A field guide to what quantum volume, algorithmic qubits, XEB and CLOPS measure, and what…
QAOA for People Who Aren’t Physicists
QAOA is a loop: a quantum circuit proposes candidate answers, a classical optimizer tunes the circuit, repeat. Here is the mechanism, without the physics…
What Quantum Sensors Are Used For
Four measured quantities cover almost every quantum sensor on the market. Sorting by quantity instead of by industry tells you the baseline, the failure…