CNSA 2.0 Explained: A Compliance Reading for GRC Teams
CNSA 2.0 is the one post-quantum directive written like a control rather than a goal: named algorithms, fixed parameter levels, dated procurement gates. A…
What Bitcoin’s Post-Quantum Migration Actually Requires
A new output type, a signature algorithm choice, a fee-market renegotiation, and a multi-year UTXO sunset. The engineering pieces of Bitcoin's PQC migration, and…
Ethereum’s Five Quantum Vulnerabilities and Who Owns Each Fix
One network, three cryptographic primitives, five layers, five different sets of owners. Ethereum as a worked example in reading a cryptographic inventory.
How to Tell a Real Quantum Application From a Marketed One
Five industries have published evidence for quantum advantage. Roughly twenty do not. Three questions, asked in order, separate the two lists before any money…
Which Industries Win by 2033, and How to Tell
A two-question screen for quantum advantage by 2033, worked through nitrogen fixation and derivative pricing, plus what would change the answer.
Pick One Layer: Choosing the PQC Migration That Protects Most
Nested encryption composes in the defender's favor. One quantum-safe confidentiality layer protects the payload underneath it, which makes the first migration decision a choosing…
A Field Guide to Misleading Quantum Marketing
Quantum vocabulary moves procurement budgets, and marketing has noticed. The two shapes a bad claim takes, four questions that tell them apart, and what…
Quantum-Safe, Quantum-Resistant, Post-Quantum: Which Word to Use
Three labels, one body of algorithms, and three different implied levels of confidence. What each word actually claims, and the three questions that make…
What Early Quantum Buyers Are Actually Paying For
Current quantum computers can't beat a laptop on real work, yet governments and enterprises keep buying them. Which justifications hold up in a business…
What Vendors Do When You Ask Hard Questions
A technical question deserves a technical answer. When a quantum security vendor substitutes something else, the substitution is your finding. A field guide to…