Every Exit From the Helium-3 Shortage
Seven ways out of the helium-3 shortage, graded on what each can deliver, what blocks it today, and the specific result that would change…
The Substitution Ladder: A Better Way to Read the Quantum Supply Chain
Grade every component by how many weeks of engineering a replacement costs. Three rungs, three procurement strategies, and one order of purchase that protects…
Third-Party Cryptographic Risk at Enterprise Scale
Regulators require an inventory of cryptography your suppliers are not obliged to disclose. Four governance artifacts that close the gap and keep third-party PQC…
Cryogenic Infrastructure: The First Decision in a Superconducting Build
Three cryogenic constraints set the ceiling on any superconducting quantum build: fridge lead time, the helium-3 supply chain, and the I/O wiring wall. Sequence…
How to Read China’s Quantum Supply Chain
China went from zero domestic dilution refrigerator makers in 2021 to roughly ten. Here is how to read a supply chain claim like that…
The Helium-3 Problem in Quantum Computing, Explained
Helium-3 has no substitute for millikelvin cooling, and most quantum computers never touch it. A working guide to the physics, the supply chain, and…
Quantum Sovereignty and Geopolitics: The Short Version
Export controls, investment screening, and diverging PQC standards have turned quantum sovereignty into a procurement question. The short version, for architects and buyers.
When Geopolitics Becomes Architecture
Export controls now trigger on qubit count and gate error rate together. Sovereignty has moved out of the policy brief and into the bill…
Four Questions That Map a Quantum Supply Chain
Vendor roadmaps name qubit counts, not the suppliers whose capacity sets delivery dates. Four questions that surface concentration, jurisdiction, and shared dependency.
Who Wins If Silicon Spin Wins
Silicon spin qubits borrow most of their supply chain from the semiconductor industry. We work through who supplies each layer, where the chokepoints are,…