Every Exit From the Helium-3 Shortage
Seven ways out of the helium-3 shortage, graded on what each can deliver, what blocks it today, and the specific result that would change…
The Substitution Ladder: A Better Way to Read the Quantum Supply Chain
Grade every component by how many weeks of engineering a replacement costs. Three rungs, three procurement strategies, and one order of purchase that protects…
How to Choose a Quantum Control System
Control electronics decide whether a qubit chip ever computes. A selection sequence for engineers: latency budget, channel count, modality shortlist, and the supply constraint…
Preparing a Facility for a Quantum Computer
A quantum computer is a building problem before it is a physics problem. What the site survey measures, which four sign-offs the schedule depends…
What It Takes to Build a Quantum Computer
A quantum computer is assembled by six engineering trades, only one of which is quantum physics. Here is what each of them does, and…
Quantum Hardware Costs More to Operate Than to Buy
The hardware quote is the smaller half of the number. Here is how the five-year cost of a quantum computer breaks down, and where…
How to Read China’s Quantum Computing Hardware Record
Two laboratories on Earth have published below-threshold quantum error correction, and one of them is in Hefei. A working method for separating demonstrated capability…
The Helium-3 Problem in Quantum Computing, Explained
Helium-3 has no substitute for millikelvin cooling, and most quantum computers never touch it. A working guide to the physics, the supply chain, and…
The Quantum Software Stack Is a Real-Time Systems Problem
There is no quantum operating system yet. Reading the stack by deadline rather than by layer shows why, and shows where the engineering work…
Four Questions That Map a Quantum Supply Chain
Vendor roadmaps name qubit counts, not the suppliers whose capacity sets delivery dates. Four questions that surface concentration, jurisdiction, and shared dependency.